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Report #31670
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Report #31670

Report Date
May 23, 2024
Status
Closed
Payout

Exploiting Unsanitized Inputs in `domainSeparator`

‣
Report Info

Report ID

#31670

Report type

Smart Contract

Has PoC?

Yes

Target

https://etherscan.io/address/0xC1E088fC1323b20BCBee9bd1B9fC9546db5624C5

Impacts

Unbounded gas consumption

Description

File 12 of 11 : LibMeta.sol An attacker can influence the name and version parameters passed to the domainSeparator function. The goal will be to demonstrate how manipulating these inputs can lead to a hash collision or excessive gas usage.

Vulnerability Details

  1. Contract that uses the domainSeparator function from your library without sanitizing the inputs:

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2; pragma solidity ^0.7.6;

import "./LibMeta.sol";

contract VulnerableContract { using LibMeta for string;

event DomainSeparator(bytes32 separator);

function createDomainSeparator(string memory name, string memory version) public {
    bytes32 separator = name.domainSeparator(version);
    emit DomainSeparator(separator);
}

}

  1. Create a test case using Hardhat (a popular Ethereum development environment) to demonstrate how an attacker might exploit this.
  2. Setting up the Environment

Install Hardhat and necessary dependencies:

npm init -y npm install --save-dev hardhat @nomiclabs/hardhat-ethers ethers chai mocha

Initialize Hardhat:

npx hardhat

  1. Write the Exploit:

Create a test file under test directory named exploitTest.js:

const { expect } = require("chai");

describe("VulnerableContract", function () { let VulnerableContract, vulnerableContract;

});

  1. Running the Test

Make sure your Hardhat configuration in hardhat.config.js is set up to use the local Ethereum network:

require("@nomiclabs/hardhat-ethers");

module.exports = { solidity: "0.7.6", networks: { hardhat: { chainId: 1337 } } };

  1. Run the tests:

npx hardhat test

Impact Details

Gas Usage: The first test demonstrates how large inputs can consume excessive gas, potentially leading to denial of service (DoS) conditions.

Hash Collision: The second test checks if there's a hash collision. If the domainSeparator function is used in a broader context where collisions could be problematic (e.g., signature verification), this could lead to unauthorized actions.

References

Add any relevant links to documentation or code

Proof of concept

const { expect } = require("chai");

describe("VulnerableContract", function () { let VulnerableContract, vulnerableContract;

});

Immunefi Response

We appreciate your efforts and taking the time to report vulnerabilities to us. We have reviewed your submission, but unfortunately, we are closing the report for the following reasons:
  • The submission contains the lines of code that are nonexistent in the project' asset and thus proving that the report is AI generated.
  • The submission lacks the required information regarding the vulnerability's impact on the reported asset.

Please note that the project will receive a report of the closed submission and may choose to re-open it, but they are not obligated to do so.

beforeEach(async function () {
    VulnerableContract = await ethers.getContractFactory("VulnerableContract");
    vulnerableContract = await VulnerableContract.deploy();
    await vulnerableContract.deployed();
});

it("Should create domain separator with large inputs", async function () {
    const largeName = "A".repeat(1000); // Excessively large input
    const largeVersion = "1.0";

    const tx = await vulnerableContract.createDomainSeparator(largeName, largeVersion);
    const receipt = await tx.wait();

    expect(receipt.events.length).to.equal(1);
    const event = receipt.events[0];
    expect(event.event).to.equal("DomainSeparator");

    console.log("Gas used for large inputs: ", receipt.gasUsed.toString());
});

it("Should create hash collision with manipulated inputs", async function () {
    const name1 = "MyApp";
    const version1 = "1.0";

    const name2 = "MyApp";
    const version2 = "2.0";

    const tx1 = await vulnerableContract.createDomainSeparator(name1, version1);
    const receipt1 = await tx1.wait();

    const tx2 = await vulnerableContract.createDomainSeparator(name2, version2);
    const receipt2 = await tx2.wait();

    const separator1 = receipt1.events[0].args[0];
    const separator2 = receipt2.events[0].args[0];

    console.log("Separator 1: ", separator1);
    console.log("Separator 2: ", separator2);

    // Compare the two separators to demonstrate collision or lack of collision
    expect(separator1).to.not.equal(separator2);
});
beforeEach(async function () {
    VulnerableContract = await ethers.getContractFactory("VulnerableContract");
    vulnerableContract = await VulnerableContract.deploy();
    await vulnerableContract.deployed();
});

it("Should create domain separator with large inputs", async function () {
    const largeName = "A".repeat(1000); // Excessively large input
    const largeVersion = "1.0";

    const tx = await vulnerableContract.createDomainSeparator(largeName, largeVersion);
    const receipt = await tx.wait();

    expect(receipt.events.length).to.equal(1);
    const event = receipt.events[0];
    expect(event.event).to.equal("DomainSeparator");

    console.log("Gas used for large inputs: ", receipt.gasUsed.toString());
});

it("Should create hash collision with manipulated inputs", async function () {
    const name1 = "MyApp";
    const version1 = "1.0";

    const name2 = "MyApp";
    const version2 = "2.0";

    const tx1 = await vulnerableContract.createDomainSeparator(name1, version1);
    const receipt1 = await tx1.wait();

    const tx2 = await vulnerableContract.createDomainSeparator(name2, version2);
    const receipt2 = await tx2.wait();

    const separator1 = receipt1.events[0].args[0];
    const separator2 = receipt2.events[0].args[0];

    console.log("Separator 1: ", separator1);
    console.log("Separator 2: ", separator2);

    // Compare the two separators to demonstrate collision or lack of collision
    expect(separator1).to.not.equal(separator2);
});